y como los estudios van evolucionando esto se deca en el 2014 | Anna Fors Miravalles, Is online learning delivering? But students too often rely on us to determine goals for them. One thing we dont pretend is that a teachers job is so much more than a focus on student [], [] in trying to summarise what works, like the EEF toolkit or Hatties Visible Learning, are the starting point rather than the final word in discussions about school improvement or [], [] His studies in effect sizes relate to how much impact something has on a learner. Dear Erica, For more information click >John Hattie [], [] J., (2014). And the question matters. John Hattie, in his mega-meta-analysis, has suggestedthat the average effect size of an educational intervention is about 0.4, and argues that we [], [] group instruction is a researched-based strategy that John Hattie states in his book, Visible Learning has a d. = 0.44 effect size. [], [] goal-set and then search for evidence of meeting goals and criteria in subsequent pieces of work. His meta-analysis of research http://visible-learning.org/hattie-ranking-influences-effect-sizes-learning-achievement/ [], [] understand poverty and work to change mindsets (both theirs and their students) can be one, if not the biggestfactor in making a [], [] Hattie, director of the Melbourne Educational Research Institute, synthesized more than 800 meta-studies covering more than 80 million students to figure out what specific factors are linked to better [], [] a man who has examined and ranked an exhaustive amount ofeducation research effects, he still boils it down to this:build the habit of knowing your own impact, rather than just [], [] little, for instance, about how to help athletes better receive and use feedback. John Hattie constantly updates his list. Metodologias Ativas: Do Aluno Engajado ao Aluno Empoderado Comundo, Establecer comunidades para crecer como aprendices permanentes | ampeduca, Building Communities that Grow Lifelong Learners | ampeduca, Using and Evaluating Research Evidence - ollie lovell, 10 Books to Keep Us at the Top of Our Game, Research-Based Strategies that Accelerate Student Learning - TCEA Blog, Getting students hooked on investing in their own learning - Renaissance Australia, 9 Tips for Being a Education Leader in the Digital Age |, Simple and Complex? The validity of the 20 years research on Parent, Teacher and Child-based school entry screening is contained in Reddington & Wheeldon (2009)which can be sent to Prof. Hattie (also presented at the International Conference on Applied Psychology, Paris, July, 2014). effect sizes. It could also be one reason John Hatties work and book, Visible Learning, appeals to so many educators. Whats mean classroom behavior ? average standard deviation*). OK. Bovendien, je zitniet jehele leven op school. Consolidating surface learning. If the size effect of inductive teaching is 0,44 and the size effect of micro-teaching is 0,88, does it mean that micro-teaching is twice as effective as inductive teaching ? To view Hatties updated 2018 list of influences and their effect please click herehttps://visible-learning.org/hattie-ranking-influences-effect-sizes-learning-achievement/ [], [] whats the factor that most influences student achievement according toJohn Hatties list of factors, by effect size: collective teacher efficacy. The Jigsaw method is number 7! He published his original findings in a list of 252 influences on learning ranked by effect strength. [], [] students are given areas they can improve that is actionable. 3. Schools that use effect sizes to measure student progress can maximize their impact on student outcomes. Lesson goals always explain what students need to understand, and what they must be able to do. Friday, July 2, 2021. 23, 2012 58 likes 60,402 views Education richardcookau Follow Advertisement Advertisement Recommended Influences on achievement? Current position on John Hattie's list of student achievement influences: 3 Effect size: 1.29 Domain: Student Definition of Teacher Estimates of Achievement Teachers that build positive relationships with, and know their students, are much more likely to have students achieve at a higher level. If we used vehicles to move gravel from point A to point B and we calculated an effect size on vehicles we suffer from regression towards the mean; the childs wagon will look more powerful than it is (a higher effect size) and the 5 ton truck will look worse (a lower effect size). Thus, for example, class size is interpreted as a small effect size since it is 0.2 According to Hatties Visible Learning meta-analyses, integrated curriculum has an impact of only d=0.39 (average). Where are these studies that show strong effect sizes for Piagetian programmes? 3. L'apport des technologies dans l'ducation demeure [], [] brillant, comme nous le soulignons dj ou comme le soulignait rcemment un rapport Pisa et dans les classement de John Hattie sur les facteurs qui favorisent la russite scolaire, aucun nvoque des questions technologiques). | Mitchell Institute, Current Issues in My Professional Context APC Week 26 Blog | Robyn shears, - , A question of values Debate 2 Response | steveboutilier, If you want to improve student learning, start here. Thanks for pointing that out! Teaching Literacy in the VL Classroom, 2017)? _ _ _ _ _ Kraft's Effect Size Interpretation Guideline #2. Make sure you read the preamble regarding what Hattie would [], [] temtica de los estudios analizados por Hattie es muy amplia (ver lista completa), como, por ejemplo, los efectos del calendario escolar, el tamao de las escuelas, el estatus [], [] Top 20 Hattie Effect Size List, Quelle [], [] Current research suggests that getting feedback right, establishing productive teacher-student relationships, reciprocal teaching and fostering meta-cognitive strategies to help students become better at learning are among the strategiesfor which there is a robust evidence base for improved outcomes. Here are some thoughts on Hatties use of statistics mathematically http://literacyinleafstrewn.blogspot.no/2012/12/can-we-trust-educational-research_20.html, and here https://ollieorange2.wordpress.com/2014/08/25/people-who-think-probabilities-can-be-negative-shouldnt-write-books-on-statistics/. As a leadership team, one of our aims is for all of the stakeholders to be rowing the boat in the same direction and we are working hard to develop actions that will enable this to happen. Abingdon: Routledge. He did a meta analysis of what works best for learning in schools. Selecting Students Its important to ensure that questions are spread across the room. Dec 29, 2021 The Upside of Adversity Oct 24, 2021 Gratitude is All About Muscle Memory Oct 19, 2021 . Acquiring surface learning. Retrieved November 09, 2016, from http://visible-learning.org/hattie-ranking-influences-effect-sizes-learning-achievement/ Hill, J. D., H., & Miller, K. B. Hattie's research gives class size an effect of 0.21. This is a tried and tested method that scores well in the Hattie effect-size rankings. New research shows that many school pupils who study in composite classes perform better than those in single year cohorts. As future educators it is important for us to first understand what this means for our students [], [] de lues, je nallais pas ajouter Hattie la liste Cela dit, jtais fort intrigue par lchelle des 138 influences relies aux russites des lves. Hattie's high impact strategies for teachers Direct instruction Note taking Spaced practice Feedback Teaching metacognitive skills Teaching problem solving Reciprocal teaching Mastery learning Concept mapping Worked examples Hattie, J. As all International Schools know, mobility is often unavoidable, and schools such as ours plan [], [] (5) Voir par exemple le classement tabli par John Hattie qui relgue les pdagogies axes sur la dcouverte ou le jeu bien loin derrire http://visible-learning.org/hattie-ranking-influences-effect-sizes-learning-achievement/ [], [] since I first learned about John Hatties Visible Learning, I frequently check this website when I want to know somethings effect size. (Hattie conducted a meta-analysis of [], [] freely available to teachers that can enhance feedback (TheEducation Endowment Foundation and Hattie have research to suggest this has a significantly positive impact on learning. Reviewed by Kathee Lamberies. Also, not all students respond well. Making Learning Visible - Self-Verbalization (0.64 Effect Size) Making Learning Visible -Self-reported grades/Student Expectations (1.44 Effect Size) Making Learning Visible - Teacher/Student Relationships (0.72 Effect Size) Making Learning Visible - Feedback Part II (0.75 Effect Size) Chapter Review of Visible Learning for Teachers by John Hattie Motivation. Im fascinated by the idea that you are quantifying teaching strategies and want to better understand the process. Try out this sample strategy on giving feedback in your classroom tomorrow and reflect on the . Massachusetts Schools Administrators' Association Blog, 250 influencias sobre el rendimiento escolar: qu funciona en educacin? Wakelet works as a digital mixing board, a plate where you, as the teacher, can organize content. How was your ranking calculated mathematically? The success and failure of my students' learning is about what I do or don't do. If you look at mentoring programs, its not like having a single brilliant individual who intimately guides you throughout a period of life. His research is now based on nearly 1200 meta-analyses - up from the 800 when Visible Learning came out in 2009. A series of short posts about specific elements of teaching practice that I think are effective and make life interesting. Best wishes, I also think about these two brand new effects since I have visualized the new list. If the 2012 list was the Gold Standard of effect sizes, how is it that the 2015 list is topped by two brand-new effects? Many of us are familiar with the meta-analysis work of John Hattie looking at structures that impact student learning. I found thislist of 252 influences. The results (which he continues to refine) are at the very [], [] above that magic 0.4 number is golden. Cooperative learning is a label for a belief system about how students learn; it has approximately 200 group structures that go from simple to complex (Numbered Heads to Think Pair Share to Jigsaw to Group Investigation). John Hattieupdated his list of 138 effects to 150 effectsinVisible Learning for Teachers (2011),and more recently to a list of 195 effectsin TheApplicability of Visible Learning to Higher Education (2015). (Old eyes shouldnt buy books on a smartphone, I suppose.). Heres what John Hattie says about about it: At the last minute in editing I substituted the wrong column of data into the CLE column and did not pick up this error; I regret this omission. [], [] and set goals in areas that will have the greatest impact. Please advise as to where to find them (of course, I know where summarizing is on the scale..but others). His research, better known as Visible Learning, is a culmination of nearly 30 years synthesizing more than 1,500 meta-analyses comprising more than 90,000 studies . I agree. They have put all the results on the same scale (effect-size) and crunched the numbers from all the research. Comments (0) Using Best Evidence Syntheses to assist in making a bigger difference for diverse learners by Adrienne Alton-Lee What's so Important About Learning Intentions and Success Criteria? The aim of the study was to analyze as much research as possible to rank the practices that have the biggest effect on student achievement. Thanks, In addition, Hatties Visible Learning notes that the teacher-student relationship is a significant factorin student achievement, with an effect size of [], [] jaareen artikel, naar aanleiding van de Learning Tomorrow week. People think that effect sizes of 0.3 are small. He found that the key to making a difference was making teaching and learning visible. Thanks for your comment! point out, instead of pursuing an enlightened approach [], [] maintain standards (and as a result, open inquiry as curriculum ranks pretty low on Hatties impacts). Its Simplex! Whatever. The Muddiest Point. I selected Teaching Literacy in the Visible Classroom to review because I was interested in a book that offered strategies and tools that have a high impact on learning.. Our principal always tells us the Hattie effect size of strategies she offers, so when I saw that John Hattie was one of the authors of this book, I knew this would be a great fit for me. Formative Assessment. Looking at his list, the most effective factors involve the kind of structure and feedback the [], [] John Hatties research and theeffect sizes. I am not a statistician but I have some questions about Hatties explanation as to how publication bias does not affect his results. Rock Springs, Wyoming, United States Principal, Pittsville High School . #BCSLearns | Learn-Lead-Love, Why being a tech-savvy teacher doesnt have to be daunting or complex - participate.com, O que tem mais impacto na aprendizagem? Il ricercatore neozelandese John Hattie (v. il suo ranking) ne ha misurate ben 195 nella sua ricerca quantitativa sui fattori che influenzano gli esiti degli [], [] number thats supposed to tell you what works and what doesnt. For transcripts and data analysis you might check out the Visible Classroom project: http://visibleclassroom.com 7. Hatties research indicates the supreme importance of clear feedback, measurable achievement, andmeaningful formative evaluation. Students who are metacognitive are actively embedding new information in . I have seen many different tables of Hatties effect sizes and the order and effect size seems to differ quite significantly between them. "The effect of distance learning is small (.14) but that does not mean it is NOT effective - it means it does not matter whether teachers undertake teaching in situ or from a distance over the internet (or, like when I started in my . John Hatties meta-analysis of educational research places feedback at the top of the instructional hierarchy (0.73 effect size [], [] also ridiculous. 4. It seems suspicious that I can only view his study by purchasing his book. Self-Regulated Learner 1.44. It turns out that different strategies work well at one stage and are a mistake at others. To place this average of 0.79 into perspective, it fell in the top 5 to 10 highest influences on achievement in Hattie's (1999) synthesis, along with direct instruction (0.93), rec-iprocal teaching (0.86), students' prior cognitive ability (0.71), and also can be con- So I can read about good parctrice and bad practice, something very practicle !!! From this perspective, the first step for any technology based intervention, such as a 1-to-1 strategy, really ought to beensure that it can support these and other strategies that have been shown to improve student outcomes. I agree. Tom [], [] Clarity this is hugely important. The first Visible Learning ranking is from 2009 and contains 138 effects published in "Visible Learning". Upwards, Not Forwards. wide range of abilities): imagine an intervention that results in only a small mean difference. I corrected the this. Hello Daniel, Classroom Instruction that Works with English Language [], [] metodologie e particolari setting educativi. Goals drive much of what we do every day, from morning routines to housekeeping tasks to completing work assignments. Making Learning Visible - Feedback (0.75 Effect Size) John Hattie shares three different levels of feedback in his book for teachers. Hattie effect size list -256 Influences Related To Achievement. Could you please explain the negative probabilities in the work that Ive read about here: If you want to read more about Hatties work and effect sizes there is more on this here. He further explained this story in his book Visible learning for teachers. Hattie's effect size posters or charts are not restaurant menus. [], [] we were surprised to discover that students own expectations ranked number one on Hatties 138 influences relating to achievement. Strategy 1: Setting goals Lessons have clear learning intentions with goals that clarify what success looks like. [] The reason it comes out very low on the chart is because most teachers introduce it far too [], [] Hattie Ranking: 195 Influences And Effect Sizes Related To Student Achievement, Visible Learning website, seen on January 28th, 2017. How can we get the 1400 meta-analyses list? [], [] of edu research, and resultant league table of all things edu amazing published in Visible Learning, is quite polarising some people believe its the most important contribution to [], [] during a portion of your lesson, or asking the class to please, be quiet. Thanks (2015). (For a comprehensive list, go toHatties Visible Learning site.) | Oncore Education, What Students Need, What Teachers Want | Oncore Education, KTICT Continuing 2014 Oz Digital ClassroomOz Digital Classroom, Learning Intelligence (LQ) and the Link to Homework | ace-d, Jon Witts' Blog Transforming Learning in the 21st Century, Summertime Subsidence: Vacating the Mind of This Years Learning | i-Biology | Reflections, OSPedagogy | Transforming Learning in the 21st Century, Pay Attention and Take Quality Notes | REACH, MI Educators Collaborate to Make Visible Learning Happen at Oakland Schools! The reason for this is obvious. The underlying issue, which he tackles, is the emphasis on learning to pass, or short-term knowledge. http://visible-learning.org/hattie-ranking-influences-effect-sizes-learning-achievement/, Magna Charter? Specifically,Hattie finds Inquiry Learning to be largely [], [] clarity, described below as one of John Hattiesinfluences on student achievement, implies visibility of learning intentions. Hattie uses Cohens d to represent the effect size. Hattie effect size list 256 Influences Related To Achievement. More difficult for some of us, we also debated whether setting students by ability engenders a fixed mindset, both in the students who found themselves in lower sets, and in the [], [] Drs. The most powerful predictor of success is students expectation of themselves. Rebekah. He also tells the story underlying the data. Hello !!! Maybe your intervention has a large effect size d if you manage to bring the group of learners together and lower the standard deviation. As Hattie has discovered in his meta-research, this tapping into collective teacher efficacy is the real power move that accelerates learning. Remediation of weaknesses in physiscs concencepts. The list I visualized for this website is related to Hattie (2009) Visible Learning. Onderwijsonderzoeker John Hatty heeft er 138 op een rijtje gezet. As Hattie has updated the ranking in his newer books I would recommend to use the latest version of the list in Visible Learning for Teachers which cites over 900 meta studies. Putting on my Thinking Hattie | i-Biology | Reflections, Curriculum Development IS Professional Development | i-Biology | Reflections, retim metot ve etkilerin sistematik analizi | Makul Karar, You Cant Differentiate Mediocrity. it is not very effective. Selon le [], [] in his book Visible Learning for Teachers, shows that there is a limited correlation between class size and student achievement. Until now I've been . (see limitations below) John Hattie: Effect Sizes on Achievement Apr. 138 Influences Related To Achievement Hattie effect size list. Professional Practice Goals focus on Hattie effect size for impact . CHETL 3A-Teacher instructs the complex processes, . As Dave Stuart Jr. discussed in his article about teacher credibility, thats the question every student is asking. What is meant by gender on achievement? Differentiation is not a specific strategyit is an application of strategies. the CLE calculations have been wrong in earlier editions of Visibible Learning. Usingthese principles or other meta studies from the work of John Hattie, could help focus the use of technology and integration efforts in [], [] enough, teacher subject matter knowledge has been shown to make little difference by John Hatties big data crunch (Despite how others might feel). - Darcy Moore's Blog, Hatties Visible Learning: heilige graal of pseudowetenschap? Kirschner, Sweller and Clarks 2006 paper Why Minimal Guidance During Instruction Does Not [], [] instruction, providing quality feedback to teachers, focusing our efforts on strategies that work (Hatties work), sustaining this improvement work over time (years), ensuring the parents are informed and [], [] is formative assessment important? Summer vacation effect 0.02 School compositional effects College halls of residence 0.05 Desegregation 0.28 Diverse student body 0.10 Middle school internventions 0.18 Out-of-school curricula experiences 0.07 School choice programs 0.12 School size (600-900 students at secondary) 0.43 Other school factors Counseling effects 0.35 Modifying . It is one of the many factors that Hattie tells us will improve student performance (0.75 effect size, with 0.4 being a full year of [], [] the 250 areas Dr. Hattie has researched, one of the strongest influences on how much a student will learn in a year is [], [] efficacy currently has highest effect on student learning according to John [], [] & Metacognition have consistently been shown to raise achievement through both Hatties Visible Learning and The EEF Toolkit, where they both add 8-9 months of additional pupils progress. John Hattie Has An Idea | MindShift | KQED News, The Power of Collaborative Planning | At The Edge Of Chaos, Growing Together: Creating authentic learning experiences for educators! Leer die factoren herkennen. .8 is considered a large effect i.e. Best regards, Sebastian. I am looking at this graph and am curious as to what age group this study was done on when it comes to education. He has first published 138 effects in Hattie (2009) "Visible Learning", then 150 effects in Hattie (2011) "Visible Learning for Teachers" , and most recently a list of 195 effects in Hattie (2015) "The Applicability of Visible Learning to Higher Education". Classroom discussion 0.82. Some people out there in the history world are [], [] I had the opportunity to meet with a small cohort of new teachersand a veteran, henceforth Ms. A (not her real name), who was implementing AFL during my first year in district. We all know the extrinsic motivators that drive students (i.e. After reading the latest paperwhich [], [] betekent dit volgens mij bijvoorbeeld dat de ranking in Hatties ranking er ook heel anders zou kunnen [], [] klassengrootte, je geslacht en natuurlijk je motivatie. 5. And remember, you have to [], [] John Hatties research-based ranking of best practices in education give homework an effect si [], [] Hattie Ranking: 195 Influences And Effect Sizes Related To Student Achievement [Visible Learning.Org [], [] dos estudos mais abrangentes sobre fatores que influenciam positivamente a aprendizagem foi desenvolvido pelo pesquisador John Hattie, que analisou mais de 50.000 pesquisas envolvendo 80 milhes de estudantes. I looked up and read the dissertation by Jenni Anne Marie Donohoo on Collective Efficacy. It isnt at all shocking, therefore, that in education almost everything seems to work. HATTIE'S EFFECT SIZE ON TEACHING STRATEGIES HIGH - DIGITAL CLASSROOM HIGH EFFECT SIZE DIGITAL TEACHING STRATEGIES Problem Solving Skills = .63 HIGH EFFECT SIZE DIGITAL TEACHING STRATEGIES Allowing/Teaching Creativity = .65 HIGH EFFECT SIZE DIGITAL TEACHING STRATEGIES Classroom Behavior = .68 HIGH EFFECT SIZE DIGITAL TEACHING STRATEGIES Retrieved from Visible Learning: http://visible-learning.org/hattie-ranking-influences-effect-sizes-learning-achievement/ [], [] is a hot topic; it garners much attention and researchers such as Hattie seem to indicate that improving questioning can have a positive impact on student progress. For instance, what does Piagetian programs mean; what do creativity programs entail; how are repeated reading programs executed? Upwards, Not Forwards. There is zero mention anywhere in the paper about any effect size over 0.63. 138 Influences Related To Achievement Hattie effect size list. [], [] a discussion about who deserves what grade. It suggests that Collective teacher efficacy is the number one influence (with an effect [], [] took available meta-analyses and meta-analyzed them! (2015) Hattie Ranking: 195 Influences And Effect Sizes Related To Student Achievement URL: http://visible-learning.org/hattie-ranking-influences-effect-sizes-learning-achievement/ [], [] tambin dentro de las aulas, puede apreciarse en la investigacin ms reciente de John Hattie Hattie Ranking: 195 Influences And Effect Sizes Related to Student Achievement. = The goal of this page is to keep track of our visualizations of John Hattie's effect size list based on the Visible Learning research. [], [] continues to rank the 195 Influences And Effect Sizes Related To Student Achievementwithout acknowledging the concerns raised by statisticians. With this in mind and my recent readings of John Hattie (2014), I am keen to explore some of his projects findings during my reflective practice. Rather than focusing on one aspect of teaching, Hattie synthesizes [], [] Even if you worked purely on the fact that all students were ensured a consistent diet of modelling, questioning, checking, practice and assessment, planned in a shorter space of time and delivered by a less stressed, more focused and confident teacher, collaborative planning cant be argued against. Comprehensive school entry screening is not specifically mentioned Has Hattie, or anyone, gathered data on either of these? the Learning Disabled, Prior Achievement, Home Environment, Early Intervention, Parent Involvement, Preterm Birth Weight, Reducing Anxiety, SES. Can someone help me please? | Connected Principals, Students with laptops did better in HSC sciences | CrookED Science 4 Parents, Reading between the lines Computers do not improve pupil results, says OECD | eLearning and economics digging a little deeper, How to Transform Educational Books into Professional Development | Cooper on Curriculum, Enseigner des comptences ou des connaissances? A question about the effect of a larger, maybe more conceptual, item: academic standards. [], [] activity in John Hatties effect sizes for student achievement does not rank highly. Si desentraamos [], [] En er is wel wat af te dingen op de roep om dienend leiderschap in het hoger onderwijs. InformED Reform, The 7 Questions every teacher should be able to answer | Sharryn M Bloor, Reflecting on Reflecting mister stepan's Class, Visible Learning in the Digital World - Corwin Connect, Follow through: It isn't just about your golf swing (Part 1) - eObservations, The Impact of Collective Efficacy on Student Achievement (Part 4) - eObservations, A years growth; how do we develop agreement? Hi there thanks for sharing the graphic not sure if someone has already pointed out to you the error. [], [] [7] http://visible-learning.org/hattie-ranking-influences-effect-sizes-learning-achievement/ [], [] on Live Time Assessment. A meta-analysis on the correlation between teacher expectations and student achievement, by Robert Hodge, showed a mean pearson effect size of .62. Too cool for school? I double checked the issue with Hatties two books about Visible Learning. The teaching and learning variables are numerous and often amazing! Over the years, two sets of research have impacted my beliefs and consequently my actions, around this issue. Teaching practices work the same way. John Hattie's extensive meta-analysis of thousands of research findings demonstrates that establishing challenging goals, rather than 'do your best' goals, is a more effective way of setting expectations for students. However, professional development [], [] Hattie Ranking: Influences And Effect Sizes Related To Student Achievement | VISIBLE LEARNING [], [] renme metotlarnn etki byklne gre sralamas [], [] is the decisive factor in child development all of the evidence, from PISA to meta-studies by the likes of John Hattie, points this way. A Curious Educator, Building Communities that Grow Lifelong Learners | AmplifiEDucation, The Beginning of the School YearWhats on top? Some of the most effective teacher-influenced instructional strategies included in John Hatties research would suggest that discovering concepts isnt always the best way to go. An effect size of 0.40 on his scale is what educators should expect and aim for when trying to [], [] que socit faisons-nous une fixation collective sur la russite scolaire des garons ? Collective Teacher Efficacy is the [], [] another camp, however, are the followers of New Zealand author and professor John Hattie, whoanalyzed the results of more than 1,200 educational research publications to rank which intervention. TheApplicability of Visible Learning to Higher Education (2015), www.visiblelearningplus.com/content/250-influences-student-achievement, visible-learning.org/2016/04/hattie-ranking-backup-of-138-effects/, visible-learning.org/hattie-ranking-backup-195-effects/, visible-learning.org/nvd3/visualize/hattie-ranking-interactive-2009-2011-2015.html, https://visible-learning.org/backup-hattie-ranking-256-effects-2017/, Hattie (2011) Visible Learning for Teachers, https://ollieorange2.wordpress.com/2014/08/25/people-who-think-probabilities-can-be-negative-shouldnt-write-books-on-statistics/comment-page-1/#comment-545, http://leadershipacademy.wiki.inghamisd.org/file/view/Corrections%20in%20VL2.pdf/548965844/Corrections%20in%20VL2.pdf, https://sites.google.com/a/lsnepal.com/hattie-funnel-plot/, http://ivysherman.weebly.com/uploads/1/7/4/2/17421639/post_-_edd_1007_final_paper_pr.pdf, http://visible-learning.org/glossary/#2_Piagetian_programs, http://literacyinleafstrewn.blogspot.no/2012/12/can-we-trust-educational-research_20.html, https://ollieorange2.wordpress.com/2014/08/25/people-who-think-probabilities-can-be-negative-shouldnt-write-books-on-statistics/, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FUfEWZGLFZE, http://ecommons.luc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1132&context=luc_diss, https://www.amazon.ca/Visible-Learning-Teachers-John-Hattie/dp/0415690153, https://visible-learning.org/2018/03/collective-teacher-efficacy-hattie/, Whats the Difference?